北京市平谷中学高二下学期期中考试英语试卷

平谷中学 2020-2021 学年度第二学期期中教学检测 高二英语 2021.05 本试卷共 8 页，100 分。考试时长 90 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题纸交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30 分） 第一节 语法填空 （共 10 小题；
每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A However, not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit. Some advertisements nowadays aim 1 (make) a contribution to society and welfare. For example, there are public advertisements, 2 encourage citizens to participate in improving their neighborhood, protecting the environment, and helping other people. Over the last decade, the government 3 (sponsor) advertisements to educate the public 4 fighting AIDS, saving water, helping the poor, giving up smoking, etc. These advertisements have helped to increase public knowledge about topics that used to be ignored by most people and this has made our society a better place for everyone B Good afternoon, everyone In today＇s lecture we＇ll be discussing education. The questions we often ask about education are: what is education? And what are the main 5 (objective) for students to receive education? Well. what is education? Education comes from the Latin for to “lead“. So, when you are educated you 6 (lead) from one place to another including physical, moral, mental or academic. It is a process of 7 (facilitate) learning or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, attitudes and habits C While your IQ tells you how intelligent you are, your EQ tells you 8 well you use your intelligence. Professor Salovey, who invented the term EQ, gives the following description: at work, it is 1Q that gets you employed, but it is EQ that gets you promoted. 9 (support) by his research, Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someone＇s future success, their character, as measured by EQ tests, might 10 (actual) matter more than their IQ 第二节 完形填空 （共 10 小题；
每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

On a freezing January morning, Jonny Benjamin, then a 20-year-old college student, climbed on the edge of Waterloo Bridge in London. That morning, Jonny 11 from a mental health hospital, where he’d been diagnosed(诊断) with a severe disease. He headed straight to the 12 , convinced that his disease was a life sentence. Hundreds of people passed by. Only one man called Neil Laybourn, then 25, 13 and quietly walked to Jonny’s side. “You’re alright, man? Why are you sitting on a bridge?” At first Jonny wanted Neil to leave him 14 , but something in Neil’s calm, down-to-earth manner touched him. Jonny felt 15 , like he could talk to him. “It’s cold here. Why not have some coffee in a warm cafe? Everything will be OK.” For the first time after the diagnosis Jonny felt perhaps it really might. He walked back. The police, having received calls from passers-by, were waiting there. They quickly put him into a police car, 16 he was to panic and jump. He lost sight of Neil, the person who’d brought him hope. Jonny ended up back in hospital. Eventually, he was well enough to return to university and finish his degree. Over the next six years, Jonny often thought about the 17 who had talked him round. 18 to thank him in person, he posted a Facebook message nicknaming the good man Mike. His Find-Mike post was 19 millions of times around the world, as far as Canada. Jonny was overexcited when Neil called him two weeks after his post. They had a reunion, finally having that coffee they had first planned all those years ago. “Many people walked past, but because of Neil’s 20 and sympathy, I’ve lived a good life.” Jonny said. 11. A. called B. heard C. escaped D. recovered 12. A. bridge B. hotel C. college D. clinic 13. A. nervously B. bravely C. anxiously D. calmly 14. A. out B. alone C. aside D. off 15. A. passion B. happiness C. power D. faith 16. A. in case B. now that C. so that D. even though 17. A. friend B. doctor C. stranger D. policeman 18. A. Afraid B. Ashamed C. Surprised D. Eager 19. A. shared B. praised C. opened D. published 20. A. courage B. kindness C. patience D. devotion 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38 分） 第一节（共 14 小题；
每小题 2 分，共 28 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸 上将该项涂黑。

A If you are looking for a place to eat in Calgary, you’ve got a variety of choices, like Italian, Thai, Mexican, modern comfort food, and vegetarian cuisine. For anyone that wants to narrow down their must-eat list, here are the best restaurants in Calgary. Foreign Concept ADDRESS: 10111 St SW, Calgary, AB T2R, Canada PHONE: 403-719-7289 Foreign Concept is run by award-winning chef Duncan Ly and chef Hyungjae Lim. Serving modern Asian cuisine, the dishes take their inspiration from Ly’s Vietnamese roots and Lim’s Korean background. No matter what you order, dishes always emphasize seasonal and local ingredients(食材). Bold flavors won’t disappoint you at Foreign Concept！ Alumni Sandwiches ADDRESS：72517 Ave SW, Calgary, AB T2S, Canada PHONE：403-455-7257 The simple sandwich isn’t so ordinary anymore at Alumni Sandwiches. The place is friendly and inviting, and there are always around 10 sandwich flavours available, so whether you’re a vegetarian, meat eater, picky eater, or prepared for a fancy dinner, something on the menu is sure to appeal to you. Don’t miss the Caesar salad, made with whatever greens happen to be in season. Bow Valley Ranche Restaurant ADDRESS: 15979 Bow Bottom Trail SE, Calgary, AB T2J, Canada PHONE: 403-476-1311 If it’s fine dining you’re looking for, Bow Valley Ranche Restaurant is one of your best choices in Calgary. The food is always excellent and the setting is equally impressive. Only a short drive from Calgary’s downtown, Bow Valley puts emphasis on Canadian produce and proteins, from Rocky Mountain game meats(野味) to seasonal vegetables. Rouge ADDRESS：12408 Ave SE, Calgary, AB T2G, Canada PHONE：403-531-2765 Less than a ten-minute drive from downtown, Rouge is an award-winning restaurant set in a historic house in Calgary’s Inglewood neighborhood. The menu here puts the focus firmly on fresh, seasonal ingredients, highlighting their natural beauty. Many of those ingredients are grown in the on-site garden, making the dishes even more special. 21. A man who likes Asian cuisine may prefer to eat at . A. Alumni Sandwiches B. Rouge C. Bow Valley Ranche Restaurant D. Foreign Concept 22. According to the passage, Alumni Sandwiches . A. provides fruit salads B. offers different choices C. uses Rocky Mountain produce D. is set in a friendly historic house 23. In what way are the four restaurants similar? A. They use seasonal ingredients. B. All their chefs have won awards. C. They are not far from downtown. D. Their settings are equally friendly. B Huang Danian, the well-known Chinese geophysicist, was born in 1958 in Guangxi, China. As a keen and able student, Huang went to the UK in 1993 to further his studies. By the time Huang moved back to China in 2008, he had been living and working in the UK for 15 years. He had a good job and a life there, but he gave it all up to return to home driven by the idea that he needed to contribute to his country. As one of the world’s leading experts in deep earth exploration technology, Huang was invited to participate in the “Thousand Talent” programme. He took up a position at Jilin University, Changchun. Huang was named lead scientist on China’s deep earth exploration programme, developing advanced cameras that can see through the Earth’s crust(外壳) so that it can be analysed without having to dig into it. He set up an advanced lab, sometimes paying for equipment with his own money. Some described him as a “lunatic” (a “madman”), but this passion and drive enabled Huang to push forwards China’s deep earth exploration technology into a world-leading position. Huang’s devotion contributed to China’s lunar probe(月球探测器) Yutu being landed on the moon in 2013 and the launch of the spacecrafts Shenzhou-11 and Tiangong-2 in 2016. Huang＇s health also paid the price for his commitment to his work. He began having fainting fits(昏厥) in 2012, but paid them little attention, stating he did not have time to go to see a doctor— his work always came first. In November 2016, Huang fainted and was taken to hospital, where he was diagnosed with cancer. The disease was so advanced that he had just a couple of months to live. Like the true scientist he was, Huang never gave up, but always tried to push forwards. Even from his hospital bed, he continued his work, writing letters of reference for his colleagues and replying to questions from his students. Huang died in January 2017, aged just 58. More than 800 people attended his funeral to celebrate a life that burned so bright, but was so short. 24. Huang returned to China in 2008 because . A. he desired to devote himself to his motherland B. the “Thousand Talent” program attracted him C. Jilin University offered him a top position D. he wasn’t satisfied with the life in the UK 25. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. China’s aerospace development. B. Huang’s working attitude and style. C. Huang’s great contributions to China. D. China’s deep earth exploration technology. 26. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. The working environment caused Huang’s disease. B. Huang worked continuously despite his poor health. C. Huang was taken to hospital after he fainted in 2012. D. A large sum of money was paid to treat Huang’s illness. 27. Which of the following can be used to describe Huang Danian? A. Generous and honest. B. Passionate and patient. C. Modest and courageous. D. Patriotic and committed. C Improve Cloud Security Sensitive customer data has constantly been found exposed on cloud servers without password protection. To ease the problem, database software makers have been trying to make security easier for cloud database managers. At the Enigma Conference in San Francisco, Kenn White, a security manager at database software maker MongoDB, will describe a new technique, called field level encryption(字段级加密), to make data safer on the cloud. Field level encryption works by scrambling data before it’s sent to a cloud database and rearranging it in order when the data is needed for use. The promise of the product is to protect the contents of a cloud database, even if bad guys access it. MongoDB’s new feature comes as more and more companies move user data to cloud servers, rather than run their own costly data centers. It was predicted that cloud computing would be a $214 billion industry by the end of 2019. That would be up more than 17% from 2018, when it was $182 billion. Companies have rushed to the cloud without understanding all of the possible security consequences. Many companies have left countless databases exposed, revealing personal data. A database containing details about who lives in 80 million US households was left unprotected in 2019, just like the data on Facebook users. Database managers want to store their data in an unreadable form, but they also want to be able to find specific pieces of information in the database with a simple search term. For example, someone might want to look up health care patients by their Social Security numbers, even if those numbers are stored as random characters. To make this possible, field level encryption lets database managers encrypt a search term on their machine and send it to the database as a query(搜索词条). The database matches the encrypted version of the search term with the record it’s storing and then sends it back to you. This approach only works with specific kinds of data. For example, field level encryption isn’t useful for long text entries, like notes in a patient’s medical chart, because you can’t search for individual words. Still, for data like account numbers, passwords and government ID numbers, field level encryption protects data and maintains a usable database. Most importantly, White said, it’s simple to set up. Database managers turn it on with a one-time configuration(配置) change when they set up the database.“That’s really powerful,” he said in an interview. 28. The underlined word “scrambling” in paragraph 2 probably means _. A. mixing B. collecting C. hiding D. storing 29. What can field level encryption do? A. Secure the safety of Internet pages. B. Protect files with a unique style of storage. C. Stop bad guys from accessing the database. D. Enable companies to store files on the cloud. 30. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Companies should move user data to cloud servers. B. Cloud computing achieved a 17% increase in 2019. C. Companies may be unaware of the risks of the cloud. D. No companies were willing to run their own data centers. 31. The author wrote the passage mainly to _. A. present some facts B. offer security advice C. introduce a technique D. recommend a product D After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance curiosity and discontent, I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together. Together, these deep human urges count for much more that ambition. Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground. Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, “Why? Why? Why?” Fortunately, curiosity and discontent don＇t have to be learned. We are born with them and need only recapture them. “The great man,”said Mencius (孟子) “is he who does not lose his child＇s heart,”Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied. Most of us meet new people and new ideas, with hesitation. But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake. How should you start? Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldn＇t arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious about how the experts did it.Now she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement. One way to begin is to answer your own excuses. You haven＇t any special ability?. Most people don＇t. There are only a few geniuses. You haven＇t any time? That＇s good, because it＇s always the people with no time who get things done. Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Tom＇s Cabin while cooking. You＇re too old? Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78. However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you＇ll never be more alive than you are at this moment. 32. In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to A. propose a definition B. make a comparison C. present an argument D. reach a conclusion 33. What does the example of Galileo tell us? A. Trial and error leads to the finding of truth B Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore C. Creativity results from challenging authority. D. Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious. 34. What could be the best title or the passage? A. Curious Minds Never Feel Contented B. Reflections on Human Nature C. The Keys to Achievement D. Never Too Late to Learn 第二节（共 5 小题；
每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A Few Tips for Self-acceptance We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 35 Here＇s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction. * 36 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world * Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 37 You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate(有同情心) response?“ That didn＇t go as planned. But, I tried my best.” * Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 38 * Now that you＇ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don＇t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 39 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are? A. Where do your start? B. Nothing is too small to celebrate. C. Remember, you are only human. D. Set an intention for self-acceptance E Stop comparing yourself with others. F. When does the comparison game start? G. Feeling upset again? 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32 分） 第一节 阅读表达（共 4 小题；
第 40、41 小题各 2 分，第 42 小题 3 分，第 43 小题 5 分，共 12 分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。

Face it In much of the western world, governments now require people to wear masks when they are in crowded public spaces. That is good news, for masks could both save lives and allow people to get back to work. And to help economies restart safely, government should require people to wear face coverings in crowded public spaces. People think of masks as something protecting them from dirty things in the air. But in the case of COVID-19, their more important job is to protect others from an infected wearer. That is because of one of the unusual characteristics of this disease: it seems likely that infection by people who have not, or not yet, developed symptoms(症状) makes up about a third to a half of the cases. So even if everybody with symptoms stays at home, the virus will still spread. Masks block the respiratory droplets(呼吸道飞沫) that carry the virus, so make risky situations safer. There are signs that masking is useful. Even home-made face coverings can block droplets. Experiments show that a piece of cloth over the mouth and face can block 60% of droplets—not as good as a medical mask, but much better than nothing. East Asian countries’ success in controlling the disease argues in favour of masks. Wearing masks to protect against pollution or disease is common there, so people covered their faces as soon as they were informed of COVID-19. In the West, mask-wearing is alien. And in all of the countries where mask-wearing is common practice, the epidemic (流行病) was quickly controlled. This is not unquestionable evidence in favour of masks. Other factors distinguish those mask-wearing countries from bare-faced Western nations: some, such as China and South Korea, have strict track-and-trace systems and carry out mass coronavirus testing. Yet the combination of this natural global experiment, laboratory studies and asymptomatic transmission(无症状传播) suggests that masks can help keep people safe. Lockdown destroys economies. Social distancing damages them. Masks cost next to nothing. They will not by themselves stop an epidemic. Hand-washing, track-and-trace systems and widespread testing are all crucial, too. But masks can do their bit to protect people and rebuild economies. 40. What is the key job of masks in COVID-19 epidemic according to the writer? 41. Please paraphrase the underlined sentence in your own words. 42. Please underline the inappropriate part in the following statement and explain why. Ø Wearing masks is important and is considered the determining factor in the fight against the epidemic. 43. Please briefly present what can be done to fight against COVID-19. (about 40 words) 第二节 书面表达（20 分） 44. 2022 年北京-张家口冬奥会将在北京和张家口举行。为了确保冬奥会圆满成功,组委会在网上发起了志愿者招募活动。假如你是李华,希望能成为其中一员。请按要求用英文给组委会写一封申请信, 内容包括：1.申请理由；

2. 自身优势 3.表达期待或服务承诺 注意：1. 词数不少于 100；

2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim， Yours, Li Hua

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